![]() It is best not to think of it as a variation of western Chess as the rules are so different, although there are broad similarities. In the full traditional set described here the characters on all the pieces are different this allows moves to be written down without having to identify which side. The fortresses are indicated by diagonal lined areas. The generals and scholars are restricted to move only within their own fortress. On each side of the river is a ( 宫 gōng fortress or palace). The two sides are black (or sometimes green) against red. The king of Chu ran out of supplies and soldiers so he made peace with the Han and the river was set as the border between them. The division came about between the kingdom of Chu and the empire of Han ➚ in 203BCE after the breakdown of the Qin dynasty. The origin of the river is reputed to come from the border between the Chu river 楚 河 and Han jie 汉界. The grid has a central division called the 河 hé River, which serves as a barrier to the elephant piece that can not cross it. The board can be just a piece of paper or marks on the ground. Nowadays the pieces are of wood or plastic in ancient times they were metal discs ➚. Pieces move along a grid of 10x9 lines rather than in squares. 气 qì gas spirit emanation energy Origin Curling vapor rising from what was originally a bowl of steaming rice RadicalIndex 84 used in: 汽 qì (steam) Full information for 气 Chinese Chessboard According to legend Emperor Zhao Kuangyin (927-976) played chess with the sage Chen Tuan here. View of the chess pavilion on Huashan peak, Shaanxi. In China, chess is considered one of the ancient arts and is traditionally played at tea houses. Chinese chess is closer to the ancient game of chess than ‘modern chess’ in terms of names of the pieces and the moves. A three player version with three sets of 32 pieces was played at one time to honor the battles of the Three Kingdoms Period. ![]() It is also likely that a range of chess-type games evolved in different regions for centuries before becoming standardized. It is possible that a common precursor to Western chess and Chinese chess developed from an early form played in India ➚. Sets of metal pieces have survived from these days but no board has yet been found. The game is probably described in the ( 玄怪录 Xuán guài lù ➚ Record of the mysterious and strange) in the Tang dynasty, however it is not until the Song that details of the board and pieces are recorded. There is a description of a similar game in a book titled ‘ 象 经 xiàng jīng’ dated about 569CE. There are mentions of Xiangqi as far back as the Qin dynasty, but these may not refer to the same game. The game of Xiangqi (literally translated as ‘ elephant game’) is old, how old is difficult to be sure about. ![]() Modern history People's Republic of China Future Leaders Government Space Exploration Economy Long March Republic of China May 4th Movement Pastimes | Chess Chinese Chess : 象 棋 xiàng qí Chinese Chess (Xiangqi) players Copyright © Dreamstime see image license History of Chinese Chess
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